This first set of points is from the introductory slide show.

• forces in balance - what does this mean?
• folding: compression; types of folds - anticline, syncline - know how to do simple diagrams
• faulting: normal (down), reverse (up), strike-slip (sideways), horst (block mountains), graben (rift valley) - know how to do simple diagrams
• what is denudation;  what are weathering/erosion, transportation, deposition.

This set of points is from the Rock Deformation slide show.

• rock deformation
• differential stress/erosion
• elastic vs plastic; rupture
• brittle vs ductile rocks

This set of points is from the Mass Wasting slide show

• mass wasting: soil creep; earthflow; Leda clays; mudflows; landslides
• what is mass wasting - rate affected by: slope, gravity, water, structure
• Types of mass wasting - creeping (slow, gradual slope), flowing (steeper slope, wet conditions), sliding/avalanche (steep slopes, erosion, not wet, can be dangerous), slumping (similar to creeping but the movement is much like slumping down in a chair, the ground does not travel far).
   
• Frank Slide Activity - what happened, why.
• BC Avalanches - what happened, why

• geomorphology
• gradational process: driven by solar energy; gravity and kinetic energy
• peneplanation
• weathering: 3 types of chemical (decomposition) and 5 types of mechanical (disintegration)
• mechanical weathering processes: freezing of water (frost action, frost wedging); changes of temperature; pressure change; salt crystal growth; action of plants and animals; release of pressure (exfoliation/domes)
• chemical weathering processes: Solution (underground - Karst); Oxidation (rusting); Hydrolysis (above ground - clay soil minerals)

Click for a slide show of pictures showing features formed by different mechanical and weathering processes.

Click here for a slide show of pictures to test you on your knowledge of weathering.

The Niagara Escarpment  (An area in Conflict)- how it was formed (diagram); why the Falls are where they are (see the image here)

Very general knowledge on the following Headings:

Planning
- Core - Buffer - Transition Areas
- Too protect and maintain natural environment
- Building regulations, Public Parks, Waste Disposal, Road Access
- Protect farming and forestry
- Protect the ecological and historical aspects.

Protection
- Protect the Biosphere
- Mining and Agriculture - too many people
- Niagara Escarpment Commission - Niagara Act - 1973

Issues
- Mineral Resource Extraction
- Lot Creation
- Urban Sprawl
- Clash of Values

Facts
- Extremely old
- Mosaic of Land Use - cities, farms, forests, Mines, Wetlands, Escarpment
- Balance between conservation and development
- Tourism, resources, scenic landforms

Interests
- Public vs. Private
- Private landowners and businesses favour development
- Environmentalist of course are against development
- All agree that a plan has to be in place.

Geology.
- Sapping
- syncline
- erosion
- rivers, glaciers, wind